During recycling, plastic waste is collected and sorted, then melted down and turned into new materials. Most plastics are first melted into pellets, which are then used to make denser items such as chairs and tables. Most plastic is not biodegradable, so it does not break down naturally over time.
Engineers have been working on better alternatives, and there are more options now. Even so, most of the food we buy from supermarkets is still packaged in plastic, and there is a long way to go before all businesses use biodegradable plastics.
Because there are so many kinds of plastic, households and businesses often find it hard to know how to recycle it. Councils have different rules about which plastics they collect at the kerbside, and most of the attention goes on bottles. That is only part of the story, as there are over 50 other varieties of plastic.
Unlike glass, plastic cannot simply be melted down and made into the same material again. Just as oil and water separate, plastics of different strengths separate when they are melted together. That makes plastic harder to recycle, and it explains why councils have different rules.